-------------------- Begin Original Message -------------------- Message text written by Peter van der Linden "The disk tutorial I mentioned is at http://www.acmqueue.org/modules.php?name=Content&pa=showpage&pid=46" -------------------- End Original Message -------------------- Very interesting link and very readable, Peter. However, I don't see how anything in this tutorial pleads against disk defragmentation. Surely the way a disk controller lays out data on disk is intended to optimize I/O requests? The only model for that is temporal and spatial locality of data as translated into disk adresses. Anything else would require a large amount of AI in the disk controller so it may somehow adapt to particular patterns of I/O requests, which is utterly out of the question. As for disk flaws, you aren't suggesting that modern disks keep developing flaws at the same rate of the infamous Syquest removables, do you? A disk reformat should solve that problem for some time. You can't compare the Mac OS virtual memory system to disk layout. The reasons behind it are very different and speed isn't foremost among them. Efficient use of all available RAM is one reason, making out of memory conditions rarer is another. I don't see why the case for disk fragmentation should be different on X than on 9 either. The main point of the tutorial is that disk layout have moved from system programmers to the disk controller. Why do you believe that, say, Speed Disk can do things on 9 that it cannot do on X, assuming it gets all file access permission it needs? Jan. PS. I realize some people were relieved this technical thread had almost come to an end ;-)