Steve at woz.org wrote: << In most controlled experiments, everything done to enhance the intrinsic validity of the experiment (it 'really' happened) counters its applicability to the real world, the extrinsic validity.>> This statement embodies Heisenberg's uncertainty principle which "simply stated" holds that we can measure the wave of an electron, or its "particle" position, but not both at the same time. Suffice to say no sane person builds a product with the intent of hurting the end user. But we end users often misuse products causing ourselves harm because either a) we aren't using our heads or b) if there was a problem there would be a warning because we expect the experts who built it to know what they are doing. No designer should be held responsible for product liability when the product safety at release date upheld the then current scientific standards for safety. Current scientific thought is uncertain about electromagnetic force effects on physiology, and the ever shifting standards reflect that uncertainty. Until science finds the causal focus - with anything electronic we should just exercise discretion. It could be nothing or it could be an atomic bullet. Anyway, a laptop is not meant to be a lap warmer that's why we have dogs. MBurke