I found the problem with the "filename contains an invalid character" error. The school is using a programme called WebCT and it has a protocol that prohibits a variety of characters, including spaces, in its filenames. I modified the filename and it appears to have been sent. I'm sure WebCT is a lovely application but it feels clunky, convoluted, and does not respond to my intuitiveness. Thanks for the suggestions. Stephen -- - "A man cannot step into the same river twice; for neither is it the same river nor is it the same man." Heraclitus c. 540- c. 480 BCE